Drier



R. -RANSON Fehze, 1929.

DRIER Filed Aug. 51. 1921l s Sheets-sheex Feb. 26, 1929. 1,703,635

R.-RANs0N DRIER Filed Aug. 31, 1921 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 A Trak/V811;

Feb. 26, 1929.

1,7o3,835 A R. RANsoN DRIER Filed Aug. 31. 1921 s shows-Sheet 3 JNVENTOR heat resisting units.

Vtor as is the shell of the drier.

Patented Feb. 26, 1929,

UNITED STATES 1,703,635 PATENT OFFICE;

ROBERT RANSON, OF ST. AUG'USTINE, FLORIDA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALE T0 FORD INSTRUMENT COMPANY, INC., OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

DRIER.

Application filed August 31, 1921.

This invention relates to driers of t-he type in which the material to be dried is supplied to relativelylong drum through which pass hot gases from a furnace at one end of the drum.

In all dricrs of this type as heretofore constructed, so far as I am aware, the furnaccs have been built a permanent part of the ap'paratus and have required that large numbers of units of refractory material. be used for linings and other parts exposed to the action of the products of combustion, and the metallic parts of the furnaces have been correspondingly massive in order to support the The initial installation of such a furnace is a. matter of considerable expense and time. In case of a breakdown of any of the units or other parts of a furnace, the drier has to beshut down While repairs are being made, and this may require a considerable period of time, particularly in case a large number of adjoining units have to be replaced. To avoid the loss of production due to shutting doivnV a drier for renewals of its furnace lining and other repairs, duplicate driers are usually provided, thus still further increasing' the cost of installation and upkeep of a plant. i

In single tube, direct heat driers it is customa-ry to provide a hole in the furnace wall, which. is almost if not quite as large in diame- In such a constructimi the hot gases in'iping'c ou the shell, especialiLi/.f at the end adjacent to the furnace, with the result that this end of the shell is Voverheated and rapidly burns out and needs reneival from time to tim e.

t is an object of this inventionto provide a drier consistin),` of a member, such as a drum, and a self contained, portable furnace, which, When nee in' repairs or relining with refractory material may be Withdrawn in its entirety to permit'the substitution of an alternative furnace, thereby avoiding a material cessation of operation of thedrier. 'Extra driers to take care of periods of shut down are, therefore, not required, it being only necessary to providea reserve furnace for the drier at comparatively slight expense as coinpared With the costof the entire drier. w

'A further object of the invention is the provision of a furnace of simple 'and ine-:pensve construction4 in which a con'lparatively small number of refractory units are required, which may all be of one type thcrebyavoiding Serial No. 497,221.

the necessity for using several types and sizes of fire brick. The combustion Chamber of the furnace is of lesser cross sectional area than is the shell of the drier, preferably about onehalf the diameter, so that the fiame passes'into the shell in a central column and does not impinge on it. The danger of burning out the end of the shell adjacent to the furnace is av'itlc'zl, the loss of heat by radiatiou .is lesse l and a more uniform temperature exists throughout the drier shell. rlfhe life of the whole apparatus is thei'efOre increased.

As an example' of the .advantages of the invention may be. mentioncd the fact that the furnaces of some of the usual types of driers contain something like one hundred times as many briclrs are required for a furnace and foundation of similar capacity constructed in accordance With the invention, and when they require rebuilding, usually are not capable of restoration for a periodof a Week or more on account of the time required' for them to cool in addition to that required for repairs. On the other hand, the substitution of the portable furnaces of the invention requires a length of time ordinarily measurable in minutes. f i

Another object of the invention is the provision of a. furnace of the Character stated above, adapted for use With gas, or'liquid fuel When atomized by steam, and'containing in its lining' suitable ducts foivthe. introduction of :Lu-additional atmosphcric air supply at appropriatc points to promote combustion of the water `nas, which is the result of the line spray of oil and steam on the hot brick lining` and composed of hydrogen of water and a certain amount of unburnt oil, thus furnishing' heat in excess of the actual B. t. u. content of the oil which Would ordinarily escape unconsumed This invention also permits of the recognition of the susceptibility of some substances, such as peat, to the direct action of lire, and provision is made in such cases for feeding the material under treatment away from the furnace. In other instances, where the material is immune to the higher temperatures at the furnace, as in, the case of phosphate, an arrang'ementis provided Whereby the material is advanced toWard a place of discharge at the furnace. In either case however, the heat and blast travel from the fire to a dust chamber at the other end of the drier. v

Other objects and advantages appearing llO lingfrom ehute are flights l-ldisposie,

'rial away from the furnaoe, the latter be- Sliewn, 1.1.1 Section;

i ll'lgsl 2, 3, end 4,- are traneverse see-tions through the rotei". drvlno' Chamber illus-V q k .1 p 1 7 ioi'e ooinp v rotary' (lri'er 'rml 1s fed 'towari'l the furnace;

F103v 6; is a Vertical loneitudinel section through the lrurnece and nart 01 the drvmg s vp 1 keep w, Lr, l, Chamber 01 illg. o, oeing taiieii on line o o ofig. 7 in the rdireotion of th;- arrow;

F1' 7 is a transve'rse see ion throueh the 'f'3- r' r-"f"' furnace of Fig. 5 'on line V or o; end

Fm. 8 is a similar View throusfh 'about one half 'of the furnace, beine' taken lonl line 8%8 i w, 'fv of Fig. 6. i i Referring now to the drwings, and pert'ioula'rl'y to'lthg. 1, 1 represents the 'Cyhndri- VCe; metallieshell that constitutes the hou ing the rotary drying Chamber. One end of 'shell `1 looslely telescop'es the adicent end 'of a portebleffurnace 2, which is mountcd on a truclr, the Wheels of which rest on track Etending awely from furnace '2V for a suitable distence, the shell '1 hes its opposite end entered into' the month of a dust Chainb'er 6 of suitablesize find construction to'suit the materials to be dried.V The in'outh of the ldust Ch'ziinber may comeniently be a Channel- 'sliapedannulus 7-, outlining the entrance to he dust Chamber. i

Both ends: of shell 1 are, therefore, teleecoped With their associated parts, eliininut ing the necessity forgos tight i w and the sinalleinount of additional air enteringbo tween the tclescoped parts is laeneliciai rather then otherwise, i i

i A suitable burner 8, rec-eiving liquid or gaseous 'fuel through a supply pipe 9 is projected into the furnace interior 11, as shown inFig 1, air 'for producing` a conibustible enterlng through a holellO tli-et ad- Vinits the burner; Additional ei'r wl'iich niay 'be furnished'bya suitably- Controlled fan for f'urther i'nifprm''in'gj` the 'eonibusti'on adrnitteid into the vCoinbustion through auxiliai'y 'Vcirliiletiiig;V later niorefull'y'referred o. i

Mouiit'ed upon 'end proj'eeting through furnace 2 is en inlet'chute 13 for'theenti, iice of ineteii'el to bedried', sue'h espeat, 'into the dryi'hg' C'hainberV formed princ' 'Jelly by Shell 1. Position'ed to r'eeeiv tlienui lenierg- Chamber 11.

the structure of Fig. 1, at au angle of (30 to the axis of the Cylindrical shell 1. This in- Clinetion approxin'iates thet of chute 13 and permits of a rapid Clearingy of the luttcr of material which is thus dopositcd With facility lund dispatch in the drying Chamber 1. Other groups of flights, neniely, 15 and 16, each successirely decrezised in ungularity to the z-lis of thedryiing' Chamber, and storfgered at ends, gredually advance the material to :i place of egress from the dryin; Chamber, uihence is eizoelled into a (lischargo chuto 18 adjacent to the dust Chamber (l.

Flights ll, 15 and 16 are helicell),7 zirrangetl `xjithin shell 1, es indiceted in Fl inclusive, the dotted lines of Flos. ;md o nicroly representiu the :ingulurty of 'she en fiiejhts (lee to their 'li ge of pitcli in successive groups. Eigs. 2 ll inclusive also disof tli hts than the precediug group. From s obvlous that, received in its orudest ,f flights 14, the material to bo lrczitod bled about in relati'vely Wide chfnnols forined by the flights of this g up, and :hills eg in to the bottoni of the (irying cliiuubei' after l'iawinfT been elevated to, or neurlj,7 to, the top thereof. ri`he inor'ement of the material. is ided by the air cxirrents from u blast fun, und the drier shell may be set horizontzil insteadof being mounted on an iuolined foun- (lzition es is frequently done.

Reduced to pieces of sniziller proporlims, the material is propolled by 'lifhls .ll into the narrowcr Channels formed by flights 15. The letter flights are furnished with llenizos 15', causing the material While in this lli, jht group to be retained in tuinbling condition for a longer period in the fiight-foi'iued channels, end to be shed in still smullcr pierw.

l-Ejeotedbjyf flights 15 into still nurrmver Channels between flights 1G, the material roceires z liual. tui'nbli :mil (lou"n\\'urd :willingz' und is ultiniiilel t scbergg'oil iu relfztirf'- ly line form into Chu'lo 18, to bo :urriml io a, point of teinporury aeoumulalion.

Thronghout its travel tln'ol'zg'h the during' Chamber l, the material rollod und over, thereby being); intiinatoly subjerteil lo the hot gases that flow from the ('oiulmstlon 'Chamber 11 of furnace 2, through the dr); mg: Chamber 1 and into dust cliun'xer (3, Where they escape through the chi'inne37 19 lciulingr therefroin. When the material is she-:l 'troui the upper part of the drying Chamber from the helically arrangod l'igjht, it falls lo the bottoin thereof in curtain-lilie fiuhiou -orcr the whole diaineter 'of the (lricr, and is; thorou 'iily pernioated by the inore or less inten'se gaseous products of coinbustion.

lVhen the material to be treeted is not of an iiillan'nneble netum, .itn'iay, if 'irel., bo 'elit through a. rotery -ilrier of the type illusufi treted in 5 to 8 inclusive. lfn this form,

llhl

lll'

the drier has its inlet chute 13' for the material contiguous to the dust Chamber 6, such ehute being provided With a gate for governing the passage and stoppage of the niaterial.

The drying Chamber Shell 1 illustrated in 'this purpose isshown in Fig. 6, it being underst-ood that a similar arrangement will be provided at the other end of the drying chamber. In this figure, shell 1 Will be note-d toV have an end section 1' and a next adjacent section 1, contiguous ends of which are coupled by means of angle-shaped annuli, 21 and 22, respectively secured to shell Sections 1' and l and being in turnbolted together.

The outwardly extending fiange of ring 22 is Wider than that of ring 21, and, its flat inner face' lies againstI the `outer flat face of another angle-shaped ring 23. The last me? tioned is of slightly less external diameter than the internal diameter of the encoinprassing` sheathing` 24 of furnace 2. Ring' is not revoluble, but is movable for a short dista'nce parallel to the axis of the furnace, being` mounted upon suitable supports 25 arranged circumferentially about the edge of the furnace sheathing at the end thereof which telescopes With the drying Chamber' shelll.

This edge of sheathing` 2a is bound by an encirclinglangle 26, into lwhich at suitable int rvals are threadcd and locked byrnuts guide rods 27 of the ring-supporting devices 25. rranged to slide along guide rods 27 are L-shaped braclrets 28 extendinp` into sup- )orting relation With ring 8 to which they are secured. coiled about rods 27, hearingl at one end against washers bacled by suitable adj usting nuts, the opposite ends of springs 29 pushing against slidable braclets 28, thereby main- 'taining the furnace gas-ring 23 in yielding and constant contact With the drying chamber ring 22. The elosures thus effected between the furnace and the drying chamber are automatically adjustable to any minor disturbances incident'to operation.

Furnace 2 is a compact complement of the drying` Chamber or drum 1, land is s-o constructed as to'confine the refractory liningl to itself, and permit the external diameters Appropriate Springs 29 are.

A con equent reduction in the number of fire brick 30 not only results in a much cheaper furnace, but one that requires less time to repair. This time saring is additional to that due to the ready furnace removability and substitution 1irovided for by my invention. The internal diameter of the furnace is some- What less than that of the drying Chamber so that the hot gases do not impinge on the Wall of the latter as they leave the furnace.

Normally, the furnace is in the relation to the drying Chamber that is illustrated in Fig. 6. As shown, the body of the furnace 2 is supported on transverse members 81, resting upon side sills of truck 3, depending from ``which are bearing;1 brzclrets 33, there being axles in these braclets on which axles are inounted tlann'ed `Wheels Al arrange-:l to run on traci-I 5. n Fig. 7 these parts are shown in dot. and dash lines to avoid obscuring the details of a discharge chute later referred to.

To contine the furnace 2 in eo-operative relation to drying chaniber 1, looking loclrs are suitably clamped to the rails of track 5, such blocls embracing certain of the Wheels ll of trach Vtherehy anchoring' furnace 2 from longitudinal displaeement With respect to the drying Chamber 1.

Guardi'ng the furnace from lateral displacement are stays 30 attached at their upper ends to opposite sides of the body of furnace 2 and at their lower ends to anchorin;` bloclrs 85. Turn-buckles 37 connect Sections .ofeach stay 36, permitting any desired or necessary adj ustmentof the tautness thereof.

A burner 8 of any suitable or approved type is located in the coinbustion chamber of furnace 2, being supplied with liquid or gascous fuel through supply pipe 9. This pipe enters through aperture 10, through which air for the burner also enters. To insurea highly perfecte-:l eombustlon in furnace 2, an au);- iliary air supply is provided, in which a plurality of appropriately arranud air` ducls extend from the cnlerior of the fi "nace to the interior thereofN` and, under conditions rendering` it advis ble, air may be fed to the air ducts through ])ipes leading from. a suitably now to Fiffs. G and 7 it will be a J Jarent'that' air entering' ports 38 passes by Way of ducts l0 to discharge orificcs /ll opening' into the internal combustion Chamber of furnace 2. It will be observed that ducts 40 lie parallel Vto the aXis of the c lindrical bod of furnace 2, and thatthe discharge orifices are Well distributed over the internal coueave surface of the refractory lining 30. Ducts 40 are relatively lengthy, whereby the air is thermally preparcd for entrance into the combustion chamber. a

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v n 12137 he (lecem'leeted '11111111110hlewer 5G, when hied .r'he'ly Subjertee na'ce. As llutmted, this clmte may cemprse sides tormett ot commercial ehzume' 11 connected hy'frent end. bach 711118 ;md

46.; respeetvely, of Sheet metal.

Chute 18' zu'tcuhated, permi'tin; its

lewerporten to be #;Wlmg m) za, shown in F1 'the material rere 11.0 pit 17 01' F' wheieyer itY fs ttcsurer tu retrm't the 12110121 the rying ehrmber 1. For '*efe, the tewer part of Chute 18' the uppe" at 1-8 :hut is zzflzrptod tu by g'ravity to cusfeflr Dru-5113011. suit- 1` at the h\"-c'q'1^ end of' t into pmdthm, 'turmu'c in the (h'ier of Fig's. 1 to 1 tfr 111 11m1 rem these tc) '11131114115 1211111101' 1 by 'the thz'l'xtg hemy; tfh 1p`ped again to' the lei'er part 'ef the e1'famher. The constzmtly hronhh'lg' peces or fizirtee of the material are wntimh 1 "'e het-'5 lmrmentim] by the 1, 'trmn 'furnace thr'eu; z'h iV 1 'to (111813 chzu'nhei' (5 :md 19. Exyeled by the last f-:et of the 110W 'treiteit material is th :x e m- C1 hot Inu ' to a fraction of that of the shell.

In the form shown in Figs. 5 to 8 inclusive, noninfiannnable material, such as phosphate rock is initially fed into Chute "13' that is combined uf'ith dust Chamba' 6, and is fed forward by flights 14-, 15, lg' nd 17 toY-.vard the furnace being there cieV 1ed into the articulated chute 18/ carried by the furnace, so arriving'in accumulating pit l'i'.

Occasion arising to r j 'air or reiine the fun nace' 2, looking blocls co are d connected from track 5, and, in either form, the furnace is run away from the drying Chamber drum 1 to a place of repair. Immediately, hoivever, another furnace of like Construction is run up and into co'operative relation With the drying Chamber l, and t-he operation of the drier Continues With but negligible delay. In the case of the form of Figs. 5 to 8, the Chu'te 18' is jointed so that its lower end may be raised out of pit 47 When it is desired to Withdraw furnace 2 from the drying Chamber. i

From the foregoing, it is apparent that I have'invented' a comparatively simple but rugged drier, which may be arranged to feed material to be treated in accoroanee with its Character, and in Vvvhich the loss of heat b'y radiation is reduced and the danger of burning the fire end of its shell is eliminated by the contraction of the diameter of the flamp rI`he invention makes possible the Practical avoidance of the cessation of operation that Causes losses of very Considerable proportions in driers as heretofore Constructed.

While certain preferred embodiments of the invention have been shown and described it Will be 'understood that various Changes may be made in the details of construction without depai ing from the principlc of the invention as defined in the appended Claims.

I Claim:

l'. In a drier, a rotary drmn, a portable fur nace, said drum and furnace having similarly shaped Co-acting` ends, said drum Containing a drying Chamber and said furnace having an internal bore of less cross-sectional area than that of said Chamber, and means for removing the products of Combustion.

2. In a drier, a drum Containingl a drying Chamber, and a portablc :furnace conngrising a combustion Chamber having such internal boi'e as Will latcrallg,`Y rest v the hoi'ter clemeuts of Comoustion entr, .O the dryiug cuan'ibcr, and means supporting the Combustion Chamber adapted to transfer said furnace to and from said drum.

In drier, a member forming a drying Chamber, Vand a portable furnace Comprising a refractory lining having a distributed ventilation therethrough and fcrming a Combustion Chamber adapted for Co-operaticn With said drying Chamber and fuel burning means in said Combustion Chamber.

4%. In a drier, a member forming a drying Chamber, and a portable furnace Con'iprising a ventilated refractory lining forming a Combustion Chamber movable into and out of correlation With said drying Chamber and means for regulating the ventilation through said rcfri story lining.

5. In a drier, a drum forming a -drying Chamber, a traveling furnace comprising a refractory lining forming a eombuston Chamber and provided With air ducts therc through from the exterior to the last mentioned Chamber ano air-regulating means for said duCts.

6. In a drier, a member having a drying Chamber, a portable furnace having a combustion Chamber for Combination With said drying Chamber, means for producing combuston in the Combustion Chamber, auxliary air supply progressively entering thelatter Chamber and means for controlling said auxiliary airsupply.

7. In a drier, a drum having a drying Chamber, and a portable furnace comprising a refractory lining forming a Combustion Chamber Co-operative With said drying chamber, said refractory lining having air passages leading from the exterior near one end of said combustion Chamber to places of entry into the last mentioned Chamber near the opposite end thereof.

8. In a drier, a drum having a drying Chamber, and a portable furnace having a Combustion vChamber for combination With said drying Chamber, there being air passages in said furnace some having inlets from the eXterior thereof at one end of the furnace and others having inlets at the opposite end thereof, said passages` leading to places of entrance into said combustion Chamber at the end of the furnace opposite to that which they entered.

9. In a drier, a drum having a drying Chamber, and a portable furnace having a Combustion Chamber for combination ivith said drying Chamber, there being air passages in said furnace some having inlets from the exterior thereof at one end of the furnace and others having inlets at the opposite end thereof, some of said passages leading to places ofA entrance into said combustion Chamber at the end of the furnace oppositc to which they entered and others'cntei'ing this Chamber intermediate its ends.

10. In a drier, a furnace, a revoluble drum forming a drying Chamber, and successively arranged .sets of flights mouutod in said Chamber, suoceeding sets thereof varying in numbers of flights and in the pitch of the latter.

11. In a drier, a furnace, a material chute, a revoluble drum forming a drying Chamber, and successively arranged sets of flights mounted in said Chamber, succeeding sets thereof varying in numbers of flights and degree of inclination longitudinally of said furnace with sid eombustion chjamber in co-operatve relation with said drum.

13. En a (h'ler, a member fornnng a drylng Chamber, and a portable -'urnace conlprlslng a refractory lining forlning a combuston ohanlber and provided With air hets from the furnace exterior to the les; men'onefl Chamber, uel burnng means in the letter, and means to efieet the joning and Sparef tion off both Chamhere.

14:. In a drier, o drum formng e dryng Chamber, a trravelng; urnee .comprising ;1 refractory lnng formng, a. eolnbn'stion Chemf roin the Vexteror to he M512 nent) med ,chlnr ber, alrzregultmg means for smd clu'ts end a rqnning ger cerrj/.fng the eomhustion Chamber adapted to place said drum ;md furnace into and out of correlation.

15. In a drier, a drum having a (h'ying Chamber, a pocket for Jche receip of (h'ied material, a trevehng :furnace having; e conv bustion Chamber. Inovuble imo co-ozrmrzr'ive correlzrton With said dryng Chamber, :md un artculated chute czurrod by said furnace and mounted to be nlored into position *co rocere material 'from said dryng; chz'mfliwr, said chue being operable to be moved 'uno and out ofiseid pocket.

16. n a (hfer, e reroluhly nlonnjed drum having e ch'yng Chamber, :1 member centanng a hollow nreror opon to said (h'jing Chamber, overlapping rn's carried by said drum and said 'member ofi'ect'ing e closm'e therehetween, und resieni; euppos'fing;

means for one of szli/l rn rings in yeldng intima y.

In testlnony Whereof afiix my signature.

ROBERT N EU b (vs n'lointuining both 

